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Alan Turing

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    AKALOVE101
    Sep 21, 2024
    Alan Turing | A Genius With A Complex Personal Life - YouTube
    Alan Turing (June 23 1912 - June 7 1954) was an English mathematician and codebreaker who was gay in a time when it was not widely accepted which contributed...
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    • format_quote Machines take me by surprise with great frequency.
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      Alan Turing, the Inventor of Software :

      BusinessWeek will celebrate its 75 years of existence in 2004. And the magazine decides to celebrate this anniversary with a series of articles about the great thinkers and innovators from these past 75 years. The series stars with a profile of Alan Turing, "Thinking Up Computers." Turing is the man who created the concept of an "universal machine" which would perform various and diverse actions when given various sets of instructions. In other words, he laid out in the 1920s the foundations of software.

      Here is the introduction of this article.

      A shy, awkward man born into the British upper middle class in 1912, Turing played a seminal role in the creation of computers. To be sure, many other people contributed, from mathematicians Charles Babbage and Ada Lovelace in the 1830s to Herman Hollerith -- whose tabulating company became IBM -- at the turn of the century.
      But it was Turing who made the critical conceptual breakthrough, almost as an aside in a paper he wrote while in his 20s. Attempting to resolve a long-standing debate over whether any one method could prove or disprove all mathematical statements, Turing invoked the notion of a "universal machine" that could be given instructions to perform a variety of tasks. Turing spoke of a "machine" only abstractly, as a sequence of steps to be executed.
      But his realization that the data fed into a system also could function as its directions opened the door to the invention of software. "He is the one who found the underlying reason why an automatic calculating device can do so many things," says Martin Davis, professor emeritus of computer science at New York University and a visiting scholar at the University of California at Berkeley.
      The magazine also gives details about Turing and the Enigma, the machine used to break the coded messages sent by the Germans to field commanders and U-boats during World War II.

      And here is the conclusion about Turing.

      Turing didn't live to see the revolution he unleashed. But he left an enormous legacy. In 1950 he proposed a bold measure for machine intelligence: If a person could hold a typed conversation with "somebody" else, not realizing that a computer was on the other end of the wire, then the machine could be deemed intelligent. Since 1990 an annual contest has sought a computer that can pass this "Turing Test." Nobody has yet taken the $100,000 purse. Turing would no doubt be delighted that engineers the world over are still trying. "Technology Trends" mardi 11 mai 2004
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Alan Turing
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Age41 (age at death)
Birthday 23 June, 1912
Birthplace London, England
Died 7 June, 1954
Place of Death Wilmslow, Cheshire, England
Eye Color Brown - Dark
Hair Color Black
Zodiac Sign Cancer
Nationality British
Occupation Mathematician
Claim to Fame Computing pioneer
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Alan Mathison Turing OBE FRS (; 23 June 1912 – 7 June 1954) was an English mathematician, computer scientist, logician, cryptanalyst, philosopher, and theoretical biologist. Turing was highly influential in the development of theoretical computer science, providing a formalisation of the concepts of algorithm and computation with the Turing machine, which can be considered a model of a general-purpose computer. Turing is widely considered to be the father of theoretical computer science and artificial intelligence. Despite these accomplishments, he was never fully recognised in his home country during his lifetime due to the prevalence of homophobia at the time and because much of his work was covered by the Official Secrets Act.

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