Masters of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge

Sir James Chadwick, CH, FRS (20 October 1891 – 24 July 1974) was a British physicist who was awarded the 1935 Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery of the neutron in 1932. In 1941, he wrote the final draft of the MAUD Report, which inspired the U.S. government to begin serious atomic bomb research efforts. He was the head of the British team that worked on the Manhattan Project during World War II. He was knighted in Britain in 1945 for his achievements in physics.

Sir Nevill Francis Mott CH FRS (30 September 1905 – 8 August 1996) was a British physicist who won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1977 for his work on the electronic structure of magnetic and disordered systems, especially amorphous semiconductors. The award was shared with Philip W. Anderson and J. H. Van Vleck. The three had conducted loosely related research. Mott and Anderson clarified the reasons why magnetic or amorphous materials can sometimes be metallic and sometimes insulating.

William Branthwaite (1563–1619) was an English scholar and translator.

Sir Christopher Owen Hum KCMG (born 27 January 1946) is the former UK Ambassador to the People's Republic of China and Master of a constituent college of the University of Cambridge.

Sir Alan Roy Fersht FRS FMedSci (born 21 April 1943) is a British chemist at the Laboratory of Molecular Biology and an Emeritus Professor in the Department of Chemistry at the University of Cambridge; and is a former Master of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge. He works on protein folding.

Joseph Needham (March 23, 1876 – April 8, 1953) was a Saskatchewan politician, clergyman and public administrator.

Robert G. "Big Bob" Brady (1904 – January 22, 1934) was an American bank robber and Depression-era outlaw. A well-known Oklahoma bandit during the 1920s and 1930s, Brady was associated with Wilbur Underhill, Harvey Bailey and Jim Clark.

Philippa Jane Rogerson is a British solicitor and academic. She is senior lecturer in law at the University of Cambridge, where her research covers the conflict of laws and company law. She is also a member of the university's council, and a fellow and director of studies at Gonville and Caius College, where (since 2018) she now serves as Master, succeeding Sir Alan Fersht.

James Halman (c. 1639 – 23 December 1702) was an academic of the University of Cambridge. He held the office of Registrary of the university from 1683 to 1701 and was also the twenty-third Master of Gonville and Caius College.

Sir John Ellys or Ellis (1634?–1716) was an English academic, Master of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge from 1703.