Court of Philip IV of Spain

Gaspar de Guzmán y Pimentel, 1st Duke of Sanlúcar, 3rd Count of Olivares, GE known as the Count-Duke of Olivares (taken by joining both his countship and subsequent dukedom) (January 6, 1587 – July 22, 1645), was a Spanish royal favourite of Philip IV and minister. As prime minister from 1621 to 1643, he over-exerted Spain in foreign affairs and unsuccessfully attempted domestic reform. His policy of committing Spain to recapture Holland led to a renewal of the Eighty Years' War while Spain was also embroiled in the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648). In addition, his attempts to centralise power and increase wartime taxation led to revolts in Catalonia and in Portugal, which brought about his downfall.

Luis Méndez de Haro, 6th Marquis of Carpio or Luis Méndez de Haro y Guzmán, Grandee of Spain (in full, Spanish: Don Luis Méndez de Haro Guzmán y Sotomayor de la Paz, sexto marqués del Carpio, segundo conde de Morente, quinto conde y tercer duque de Olivares, segundo marqués de Eliche, primer duque de Montoro, 3 veces Grande de España, Comendador mayor de la Orden de Alcántara, Gran Chanciller de las Indias, Alcaide de las Alcázares de Sevilla y Córdoba, Caballerizo mayor, gentilhombre de cámara y primer ministro de Felipe IV y su gran privado), (1598 – 26 November 1661), was a Spanish nobleman, political figure and general.

Magdalena Moncada (d. 1670), was a Spanish courtier.

Eugenia Martínez Vallejo (1674 – 1699) was a young woman from Spain who gained notoriety for her large size and weight, now thought to be the result of Prader–Willi Syndrome.

Mariana Engracia de Toledo Portugal y Pimentel (1623-1686), was a Spanish courtier. She was the lady-in-waiting (junior Camarera mayor de Palacio) to the queen of Spain, Mariana of Austria, and the aya (nurse or royal governess) to king Charles II of Spain.

Luisa Enríquez Manrique de Lara (1603-1660), was a Spanish courtier. She was the lady-in-waiting (junior Camarera mayor de Palacio) to the queen of Spain, Elisabeth of France (1602–1644), and the aya (nurse or royal governess) to Maria Theresa of Spain.

Inés de Zúñiga y Velasco (1584–1647) was a Spanish royal court official. She was married to Gaspar de Guzmán, Count-Duke of Olivares, lady-in-waiting to Margaret of Austria, Queen of Spain, principal lady-in-waiting to Elisabeth of France (1602–1644) and royal governess of Balthasar Charles, Prince of Asturias.

Ramiro Núñez de Guzmán (León, Spain, c. 1600 – Madrid, 1668) was a Spanish nobleman.

Roberto de Zúñiga y Velasco (1561 – October 1622) was a Spanish royal favourite of Philip III, his son Philip IV and a key minister in two Spanish governments. In control of foreign policy from 1618 to 1622, he was responsible for Spain's initially successful entry into the Thirty Years War (1618–1648) and for the appointment of his nephew, the Count-Duke of Olivares to the position of prime minister for much of the reign of Philip IV. De Zúñiga was also notable as being one of the very few Spanish royal favourites of the period to die whilst still in favour.