20th-century Argentine politicians

María Eva Duarte (7 May 1919 – 26 July 1952), better known as María Eva Duarte de Perón, Eva Perón and Evita, was the wife of Argentine President Juan Perón (1895–1974) and First Lady of Argentina from 1946 until her death in 1952. She was born in poverty in the rural village of Los Toldos, in the Pampas, as the youngest of five children. In 1934 at the age of 15, she moved to the nation's capital of Buenos Aires to pursue a career as a stage, radio, and film actress.

Juan Domingo Perón (, , 8 October 1895 – 1 July 1974) was an Argentine Army general and politician. After serving in several government positions, including Minister of Labour and Vice President, he was elected President of Argentina three times, serving from June 1946 to September 1955, when he was overthrown in a coup d'état, and then from October 1973 until his death in July 1974.

Carlos Saúl Menem (2 July 1930 – 14 February 2021) was an Argentine lawyer and politician who served as the 44th president of Argentina from 1989 to 1999. He was also a Senator for La Rioja Province from 2005 until his death. Ideologically, he identified as a Peronist and supported economically liberal policies. He served as President of the Justicialist Party for thirteen years, and his political approach became known as Menemism.

Cristina Elisabet Fernández de Kirchner ( born 19 February 1953), often referred to by her initials CFK, is an Argentine lawyer and politician who has served as the Vice President of Argentina since 2019. She also previously served as the 51st President of Argentina from 2007 to 2015 and the first lady during the tenure of her husband, Néstor Kirchner. She was the third woman to hold the Argentine vice presidency, the second woman to hold the presidency, the first directly elected female president, and the first woman re-elected to the office. Ideologically, she identifies herself as a Peronist and a social democrat on the Argentine center-left, with her political approach called Kirchnerism.

Néstor Carlos Kirchner Jr. (25 February 1950 – 27 October 2010) was an Argentine lawyer and politician who served as the 50th President of Argentina from 2003 to 2007, Governor of Santa Cruz Province from 1991 to 2003, Secretary General of UNASUR and the first gentleman during the first tenure of his wife, Cristina Fernández de Kirchner. He was President of the Justicialist Party from 2008 to 2010. Ideologically, he identified himself as a Peronist and a progressive, with his political approach called Kirchnerism.

María Estela Martínez Cartas de Perón (born 4 February 1931), better known as Isabel Martínez de Perón or Isabel Perón, is an Argentine politician who served as President of Argentina from 1974 to 1976. She was the third wife of President Juan Perón. During her husband's third term as president from 1973 to 1974, Isabel served as both vice president and First Lady. Following her husband's death in office in 1974, Isabel served as president of Argentina from 1 July 1974 to 24 March 1976, at which time the military took over the government and placed her under house arrest for five years, before exiling her to Spain in 1981. She holds the distinction of having been the first woman to have had the title of "President" of a nation, as opposed to a queen or prime minister.

Lidia Elsa Satragno (born November 11, 1935 - died December 08, 2022) was an entertainer and politician in Argentina, where she is popularly known as Pinky.

Fanny Jacovkis, better known as Fanny Edelman (27 February 1911 – 1 November 2011) was an Argentine politician who was part of the International Brigades in defense of the Second Spanish Republic. She was honorary president of the Communist Party of Argentina until the day of her death.

Carlos Alberto Lacoste (2 February 1929 – 24 June 2004) was an Argentine navy vice-admiral and politician who briefly served as interim President of Argentina.

Juan Hipólito del Sagrado Corazón de Jesús Yrigoyen (12 July 1852 – 3 July 1933) was an Argentine politician, from the Radical Civic Union, and two-time President of Argentina who served his first term from 1916 to 1922 and his second term from 1928 to 1930. He was the first president elected democratically by means of the secret and mandatory male suffrage established by the Sáenz Peña Law of 1912. His activism was the prime impetus behind the passage of that law in Argentina.