2021 establishments in the European Union

The Health Emergency Preparedness and Response Authority (HERA) is a directorate-general of the European Commission created to prepare the EU for a future pandemic and to avoid the mistakes made during the EU's response to the COVID-19 pandemic. European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen first announced plans for such a body in 2020. On 15 September 2021, the EU announced the launch of HERA and the service was established as a directorate-general of the European Commission on 16 September. HERA has been operational since early 2022.

The European Cybersecurity Competence Centre (ECCC), officially the European Cybersecurity Industrial, Technology and Research Competence Centre, is an executive agency of the European Union headquartered in Bucharest, Romania, tasked with funding and coordinating cybersecurity research projects. Plans for the introduction of the ECCC were first announced in 2018 by the European Commission and the regulation to establish the centre was published in 2021. The ECCC collaborates closely with the Network of National Coordination Centres (NCCs).

The European Union Agency for the Space Programme (EUSPA) is a space agency, managing the European Union Space Programme as one of the agencies of the European Union (EU). It was initially created as the European Global Navigation Satellite Systems Supervisory Authority (GSA) in 2004, reorganised into the European Global Navigation Satellite Systems Agency (also GSA or GNSS Agency) in 2010, and established in its current form on May 12, 2021. EUSPA is a separate entity from the European Space Agency (ESA), although the two entities work together closely.

The EU Tax Observatory (EUTO, Eutax) is an independent research institute dedicated to studying tax evasion and avoidance in the European Union, established in June 2021. Its offices are hosted at the Paris School of Economics, with staff also hosted at the University of Copenhagen. In its first year of operation its budget was €1.1 million, funded primarily by the EU's Directorate-General for Taxation and Customs Union.