14th-century Greek scientists

Manuel Bryennios (Greek: Μανουήλ Βρυέννιος; c. 1275 – c. 1340) was a Byzantine scholar who flourished in Constantinople about 1300 teaching astronomy, mathematics and musical theory. His only surviving work is the Harmonika (Greek: Ἁρμονικά), which is a three-volume codification of Byzantine musical scholarship based on the classical Greek works of Ptolemy, Nicomachus, and the Neopythagorean authors on the numerological theory of music. One of Bryennios's students was Theodore Metochites, the grand logothete during the reign of Emperor Andronikos II Palaiologos (r. 1272–1328). Metochites studied astronomy under Bryennios.

John Pediasimos (Greek: Ιωάννης Πεδιάσιμος; ca. 1250 – early 14th century), also known as John Pothos, was a Byzantine churchman, scholar, astronomer, mathematician, mythologist, syllogistic, musician, and physician active at Constantinople, Ohrid and Thessalonica.

Isaac Argyros (Greek: Ισαάκ Αργυρός) was a Byzantine mathematician and monk, born about 1312, who wrote a treatise named Easter Rule, along with books on arithmetic, geometry and astronomy.

Gregory Chioniades (Greek: Γρηγόριος Χιονιάδης, Grēgorios Chioniadēs; c. 1240 – c. 1320) was a Byzantine Greek astronomer. He traveled to Persia, where he learned Persian mathematical and astronomical science, which he introduced into Byzantium upon his return from Persia and founded an astronomical academy at Trebizond. Choniades also served as Orthodox bishop in Tabriz.

Maximus Planudes (Greek: Μάξιμος Πλανούδης, Máximos Planoúdēs; c. – c.) was a Byzantine Greek monk, scholar, anthologist, translator, mathematician, grammarian and theologian at Constantinople. Through his translations from Latin into Greek and from Greek into Latin, he brought the Greek East and the Latin West into closer contact with one another. He is now best known as a compiler of the Greek Anthology.

Georgius Gemistus Pletho (Greek: Γεώργιος Γεμιστός Πλήθων; c./1360 – 1452/1454) was one of the most renowned philosophers of the late Byzantine era. He was a chief pioneer of the revival of Greek scholarship in Western Europe. As revealed in his last literary work, the Nomoi or Book of Laws, which he only circulated among close friends, he rejected Christianity in favour of a return to the worship of the classical Hellenic Gods, mixed with ancient wisdom based on Zoroaster and the Magi.

Theodore Metochites (Greek: Θεόδωρος Μετοχίτης; 1270–1332) was a Byzantine Greek statesman, author, gentleman philosopher, and patron of the arts. From c. 1305 to 1328 he held the position of personal adviser (mesazōn) to emperor Andronikos II Palaiologos.

Nicephorus Gregoras (Greek: Νικηφόρος Γρηγορᾶς, Nikephoros Gregoras; c. 1295 – 1360) was a Byzantine astronomer, historian, and theologian.